Мифы и Легенды

Цели и задачи урока: обучение школьников различным стратегиям чтения; ознакомление школьников с различными фактами из истории Великобритании; развитие языковой культуры; описания реалий российской жизни на английском языке; развитие умений участвовать в драматизации; коммуникативно-речевое вживание в англоязычную среду на основе взаимосвязанного обучения говорению и чтению; приобщение школьников к общечеловеческим ценностям, положительному отношению к культуре своих и других народов, взаимопониманию.

Зрительный ряд: репродукция картины Васнецова В.М. “Богатыри”; российский герб; гербы г. Ростова-на-Дону, г. Глазго; карта Великобритании; виды Шотландии; сувенир – шотландец в национальном костюме с волынкой; карточки с новой лексикой: to convert, to be greeted, to ordain, miracle, distraught, salmon, to malign, to round on, the arms; карточки с прилагательными, характеризующими героев легенд: busy, proud, greedy, strong, brave, loving his motherland, sly, stubborn, good-natured, wise, angry, hot-tempered, kind, ambitious, conscientious, rude, lazy, selfish.

Литературный ряд: имена легендарных героев Великобритании (Вильям Уоллис, Боудисия, Король Ричард Львиное Сердце, Юлий Цезарь, Робин Гуд, Беовульф, Король Альфред Великий, Король Артур); цитата Кравцовой М. о различиях русских былин и американских комиксов из статьи “О русской литературе и американских комиксах”.

Музыкальный ряд: фрагменты музыкальных произведений М.П. Мусоргского; шотландская народная музыка.

Технические средства обучения: магнитофон.

ХОД УРОКА

1. Организационная часть

2. Развитие навыков устной речи (введение в тему)

Teacher: Do you know what we сan see on the State coat of arms/on the coat of arms of our city?

What myths and legends have you read? Describe one of the characters.

Look at the picture of Vasnetsov V.M. “Bogatyrs” and describe it.

3. Проверка домашнего задания.

Драматизация после прочтения былины “Три путешествия Ильи Муромца”.

The Three Journeys of Ilya of Murom

When Ilya of Murom was old he took a journey across the open plain. He came to a point where three roads met, and at the crossroads he found an oak with gold letters:

“He who takes the first road will be dead; he who takes the second road will be wed; and he who takes the third road will be rich”.

“What is the use of an old man like me to be wed?” thought the hero. “What’s the use of riches to an old man? I’ll take the first road because only Death befits the old.”

Ilya guided his horse and galloped along the first road. He was going at full speed for three hours and covered a distance of three hundred versts. Then he saw a foot of a high hill on which there was a big white palace. The palace was the home of forty thousand robbers. When they saw the old Cossack riding below, they went down the hill quickly and tried to drag him from his horse.

“Thieves and robbers, what do you want of an old Cossack like me?” shouted Ilya. “I have neither silver nor gold. All that I have is my trusty horse. And I can’t give it to you. There are jewels in his mane and there are shining stones in his tail – but they are not for beauty. They shine in the dark autumn nights and I can see everything that is fifty versts around me. My Circassian saddle costs fifty hundred rubles and my Christian cross is worth three hundred rubles!”

“Thieves and robbers!” shouted the robber’s ataman. “Why do you waste time talking with an old man? Drag him down from the horse and cut off his head!”

“You will not kill nor rob the old Cossack!” cried Ilya. The robbers rushed for him because they were angry.

“You will not kill nor rob the old Cossack!” cried Ilya. “My trusty horse is always leaping to my defense.

But the robbers tried to kill him. “You will not kill nor rob the old Cossack!” cried Ilya. “You will not kill me because I have a trusty bow and ten thousand arrows!” But the robbers were still running and running.

“Who has little children?” cried Ilya. “Who has a young wife? Think about your widows and orphans, you are within a hair’s breadth of death!” And stretching his mighty bow, the Old Cossack shot an arrow into the ground. The force was so great that the yellow sand flew up the clouds. When the robbers saw that, they trembled with fear and they fell upon their knees.

“Don’t kill us, Ilya of Murom!” they cried. “Let us live and we’ll give you golden treasure!”

“I can’t take your gold.” And raising his saddle he took his saber and cut off the heads of the robbers like thistles, from the first until the last. And riding back to the crossroads he wrote on the wooden signpost:

“Ilya of Murom, old Cossack, rode this way and he is not dead; and thus the second road is cleared forever.”

Then Ilya galloped along the second road. He was going at full speed for three hours and covered a distance of three hundred versts. He came to a place which was too large to be a village and too small to be a town. He stopped his horse before a palace of white stone. Then a fair young girl came out of the palace to greet the Russian knight and she took his white hands, kissed his lips and led him into the palace of white stone. She sat him at the oaken table covered with a silk cloth, put out sweet food, wine and honey and asked him to eat and drink.

And when the old Cossack had eaten and drunk, the girl took his white hands and led him to a soft bed and asked him to have a rest. But Ilya lifted her and dropped her heavily onto the soft bed. Suddenly the bed opened and the girl fell down to the dungeon below. And taking her golden keys Ilya went down, opened the iron gates of the dungeons and let out the multitude of kings and princes and mighty Russian bogatyrs captive there.

“Thank you, Ilya of Murom,” they cried, “for saving us from our death.” Ilya left the girl in the deep dungeon alone and rode back to the cross-roads when he came he wrote that on the tree:

“Ilya of Murom, old Cossack, rode this way and was not wed; and thus the first road is cleared forever.”

Then Ilya galloped along the third road. He was going at full speed for three hours and covered a distance of three hundred versts. Then he came to a huge rock in the middle of the field. The rock weighed thrice ninety poods, but the old Cossack pushed the stone with his mighty shoulder. The great stone rolled aside and there was a hole and in the hole there was gold and silver. Ilya took the treasure and shared it with poor widows and orphans. He also built a church with many bells, then he rode back to the crossroads and when he came he wrote on the tree:

“Ilya of Murom, old Cossack, rode this way and he was not made rich; and thus the third road is cleared forever.”

Travel by time-machine to the past and meet the eye witnesses of Ilya of Murom’s adventures.

Role play the meeting in the groups of four, using the legend you have read at home.

(В паузах между выступлениями групп звучит музыка М.П. Мусоргского.)

4. Подготовка к чтению

а) Развитие навыков устной речи.

Teacher: Look at the blackboard and guess what we are going to read about.

Описание картин и сувениров.

б) Работа со справочной литературой.

Учитель меняет состав групп.

Teacher: Use dictionaries and find the information about the city of Glasgow, the river Clyde, the Cathedral of Glasgow. (Рум А.Р.У. Великобритания: Лингвострановедческий словарь. М.: Рус. яз., 1999; Central Glasgow, An Illustrated Architectural Guide, Charles McKean, David Walker & Frank A Walker, 1999; Longman Dictionary of English Language and Culture, 1998).

с) Введение новой лексики.

Учитель читает новые слова, объясняет их значение:

to convert, to be greeted, to ordain, miracle, distraught, salmon, to malign, to round on, the arms; busy, proud, greedy, strong, brave, loving his motherland, sly, stubborn, good-natured, wise, angry, hot-tempered, kind, ambitious, conscientious, rude, lazy, selfish.

5. Групповая работа с текстом

St. Mungo

In the heart of the city once known as glas ghu (Celtic for “dear green place”) stands the great Cathedral of St. Mungo – its founder and Glasgow’s patron saint.

St.Mungo

St. Mungo completed his religious training in Fife, in the mid-sixth century. Then he travelled to the house of a holy man called Fergus, who had been told he would not die until he met someone who would convert the district to Christianity. Soon after being greeted by Mungo, he died.

Mungo placed the body on a cart drawn by two wild bulls and instructed them to go to the place ordained by God. Where the cart stopped, Mungo buried Fergus and founded the church that was to become Glasgow Cathedral.

The Miracle of the Ring

Another legend of St. Mungo tells of a king who gave his wife a ring which she, in turn, gave to a handsome soldier. The king was informed of this and, coming across the soldier asleep on the river-bank, took the ring from his finger and threw it into the Clyde.

St. Mungo Church

Deviously, he then asked his queen if he could have the ring. She sent for the soldier, who of course was unable to produce it. The queen, now distraught, appealed to St. Mungo for help.

St. Mungo Museum

Mungo quickly found the ring in the belly of a salmon taken from the river, and returned it to her. When the king saw the ring was safe, he thought his queen must have been maligned, and rounded on her accusers. The Coat of arms of the City of Glasgow still include a salmon with a ring in its mouth.

By Beryl Beare

From Scotland Myths & Legends

Во время чтения тихо звучит шотландская музыка.

Task 1

In groups read the text “St Mungo”. Are these sentences True or False?

1. In the centre of Glasgow there is a Cathedral.

2. Glasgow Cathedral was founded last century.

3. St Mungo converted the district of Glasgow to Christianity.

4. Fergus chose the place to build the Cathedral.

Task 2

Find the words in the text. Both definitions are possible, but choose thе one which is correct in the text.

1. heart

a) central part;

b) part of the body

2. mid

a) among;

b) the middle of

3. to draw (drawn)

a) to move by pulling;

b) to make with a pen, pencil

6. Работа в парах с текстом

1. In pairs, give a title to each paragraph.

2. In pairs, think about the main idea of the text. Tell it to your teacher.

7. Индивидуальная работа с текстами

1. Why does the coat of arms of Glasgow include a fish with a ring?

2. Read the text “The Miracle of the Ring” and make up 5 questions.

3. Prove that St. Mungo was a nobleman. What do the Scottish legends teach us?

8. Дискуссия

For centuries Russian people are brought up by the characters of legends and tales. They are traditionally heroes, defenders and industrious people.

American comics, which are very popular nowadays, are stories in pictures which are not serious. Kravtsova M. writes that they just entertain and teach nothing. Do you agree with this opinion?

9. Подведение итогов, домашнее задание

Teacher: Find comics and compare the main character with characters from British and Russian legends.

Photos from www.scotcities.com