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I. Тренировочные упражнения для выполнения заданий по грамматике
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A.
| It is claimed that San Francisco is the __________ city in the United States. Although it is now much _________ than Los Angeles, around 1900 it _________three times as many people as any other place in the western half of the US. The city proper, a little ________ than Washington, D.C. in area but with a slightly ______ population, occupies the northern end of a peninsula. By now suburbs ________ all around the bay.
San Francisco city itself _________in the great earthquake and fire of 1906, but the old steep streets survived along with the old Chinese quarter. In the 1960s parts of the city _________a centre for flower children. In the past twenty years there _______successful action to prevent the building of skyscrapers or new expressway roads. | INTERESTING SMALL HAVE SMALL BIG SPREAD DESTROY BECOME BE |
B.
| America ________a great respect for education from its _______ times. Education is now the _______ factor in determining a person’s social role and economic prospects.
Universities ________ in the Harvard College ______ by religious refugees from Cambridge, England in 1636, only fifteen years after the Pilgrim Fathers ______. Soon after 1800 progress was made towards universal education paid for from taxes. Except in the South, America was before Europe in providing schools for all ________. | HAVE EARLY IMPORTANT FOUND EARLY COME FOUND LAND CHILD |
С.
| Photography seemed to Bryan to be the ___________ profession. His mother ___________him a camera for his ___________ birthday. By the time he was in his early twenties, Bryan __________ convinced that he was the __________ photographer who had ever lived on Earth. He sent his _________off to newspapers and magazines but they were always __________. Bryan consoled himself with the thought of all geniuses who _________ before their ability was recognized. Once a cousin of ________who worked for the British publishing company told Bryan that they ________ to commission a travel guide on Switzerland. “They _______ the photographer yet, Bryan,” he said. “So if you get yourself to Switzerland right away and bring back some wonderful pictures, the book could be ________.” Bryan knew that this was the break he _________ for all those years. | INTERESTING BUY EIGHT BECOME GOOD PHOTO RETURN REJECT HE PLAN NOT SELECT YOU LOOK |
D.
| The course lasted sixteen weeks, and during that time none of the _________ was permitted to communicate with the outside world. John missed his family desperately. It was the ___________they had ever been apart. The course was __________ than John had anticipated, and though it was extremely difficult no one complained as they were well aware that what they ___________could one day save their ______________. After finishing the course John _____________a new assignment. | MAN LONG EXCITING LEARN LIFE GIVE |
E.
| For many years Statuary Hall was the Hall of the House – the chamber where the House of Representatives ________. It _______________ in 1807, then rebuilt after the British ___________ the Capitol in 1814. The dome is beautiful but the __________ time the representatives stood up to speak, it _________ clear that there was a problem – the open structure ___________ echoes. Scarlet curtains ___________ to muffle the sound. By 1857 crowding and noise led the House to move to _________ quarters. In 1868 the old chamber __________ into a display space – Statuary Hall, a prominent home for statues of two outstanding citizens from each of the states. Over the years the number of statues ___________. Every state has at least one. Only 38 of the statues _________ in the Hall itself. The Statue of Liberty and the Eagle _______over the room since 1819. | MEET COMPLETE BURN ONE BECOME CREATE HANG LARGE TURN GROW LOCATE PRESIDE |
F.
| The Rotunda is the heart of the Capitol. It is one of the _________ ceremonial rooms in the United States. Nine presidents __________ with President Lincoln in 1865 __________ in state here. Stretching 180 __________ from floor to canopy, the Rotunda __________ by a magnificent fresco “The Apotheosis of George Washington” by Constantino Brumidi. George Washington _________in the heavens flown by three female figures ________ Liberty, Victory and Fame. They are surrounded by 13 maidens symbolizing the _______ 13 states, beyond them groupings illustrating War, Arts and Sciences, Marine, Commerce, Mechanics and Agriculture. | IMPORTANT BEGIN LIE FOOT CROWN SHOW REPRESENT ONE |
G.
| I drove to a place I already_____ once that evening. I sat in the car with the windows down, _________ to the sounds of the forest. Nina’s name kept ________ into my mind and my heart clenched _________ and _________ with panic. | VISIT LISTEN SWIM TIGHT TIGHT |
H.
| When John and I pulled into the parking lot Nicholas _________ right in the middle. He looked different. He was dressed ___________ than when I __________ him last, an expensive-looking suit and a dark tie. | WAIT SMARTLY SEE |
I.
| The city of St. Augustine_____________ in 1565. Though it was Spanish for more than two hundred years it is considered to be the ____________ city in the United States. Two attempts at colonizing North America from England failed in the 1580s. The __________ group of settlers stayed only for a year, the __________ vanished, and no trace of them ever ___________. But in 1607 a London merchants’ company gathered a group of ___________, some of them criminals released from prison. They landed at a place which they called Jamestown in what is now Virginia – though that name, in the honour of the English Virgin Queen Elizabeth I, already __________ to describe the whole of North America. | FOUND OLD ONE TWO FIND MAN ADOPT |
J.
| DECLARING INDEPENDENCE
In 1776 it was apparent to a majority of the colonists that the time __________ to separate from England. | COME BEGIN BEGIN LATE NAME BE |
K.
| Fleming went to Louden Moor School and Darvel School, and then for two years to Kilmarnock Academy. After _____ in a shipping office for four years, the twenty-year-old Fleming inherited some money from an uncle, John Fleming. His ______ brother, Tom, was already a physician and suggested to his _____ sibling that he follow the same career, and so in 1901, Alexander enrolled at St. Mary’s Hospital. He qualified for the school with distinction in 1906 and had the option of ______ a surgeon. By chance, however, he became assistant bacteriologist to Sir Almroth Wright, a pioneer in vaccine therapy and immunology. Fleming ______ throughout World War I as a captain in the Army Medical Corps, and ______ in dispatches. Fleming’s discovery of penicillin changed the world of modern medicine by _____ the age of useful antibiotics; penicillin has saved, and still (save) _____, millions of people. The discovery of penicillin was ranked as the _____ discovery of the millennium when the year 2000 was approaching by at least 3 large Swedish magazines. It is impossible to know how many people _____ by this discovery, but some of these magazines placed their estimate near 200 million ______. | WORK OLD YOUNG BECOME SERVE MENTION INTRODUCE SAVE IMPORTANT SAVE LIFE |
L.
| In January 1559, Elizabeth I _____ queen of England. She was the last of the great Tudor dynasty, a bright star who dazzled both the nation and the world. The achievement of most stars fades quickly, but Elizabeth’s _____ for nearly 4 centuries and it’s easy to see why. She ______ for 45 tumultuous years. Her ships defeated the Spanish Armada and sailed round the globe. In her time Shakespeare wrote plays and Spenser wrote poems. Elizabeth was one of the daughters of King Henry VIII, but the right of ______ to succeed to the throne was still in doubt, and her path there would be perilous. Her father would kill her mother and she would be disinherited. Her sister would imprison her in the Tower and threaten with execution. ______ would love her for her royal status and not for ______. Most monarchs _____ their crowns on a plate, Elizabeth got _____ by cunning and courage. | CROWN LAST REIGN WOMAN MAN SHE HAND SHE |
M.
| Whatever her status, no one could forget that Elizabeth was Anne Boleyn’s daughter, and it was in order to marry Anne that Henry _________ away from Rome and made _________ head of the church in England. It was a revolution, and one of _______ victims was the monasteries. They were amongst the _________ English landowners. Their assets _________, and their buildings dismantled. One of them was Glastonbury Abbey, then the ________ church in England. | BREAK HE IT GREAT SEIZE LARGE |
N.
| Britain always ______ an island. It became one only after the end of the last ice age. The temperature ______ and the ice cap melted, _________ the lower-lying land. Britain’s history has always been closely _________ with the sea. Until modern times it _________ as easy to travel across water as across land. Throughout its history Britain _________ from danger by its surrounding seas many times. Britain’s history and its strong national sense _________ by the sea. | NOT BE RISE FLOOD CONNECT BE SAVE SHAPE |
KEY:
| A. | B. |
| most interesting | has had |
| smaller | earliest |
| had | most important |
| smaller | were founded |
| bigger | earliest |
| have spread | had come |
| was destroyed | was founded |
| became | had landed |
| has been | children |
| C. | D. |
| most interesting | men |
| had bought | longest |
| eighth | more exciting |
| had become | were learning |
| best | lives |
| photos | was given |
| were returned | |
| had been rejected | |
| his | |
| were planning | |
| haven’t (have not selected) | |
| yours | |
| had been looking | |
| E. | F. |
| met | most important |
| was completed | beginning |
| burnt | have lain |
| first | feet |
| became | is crowned |
| created | is shown |
| were hung | representing |
| larger | first |
| was turned | |
| has grown | |
| are located | |
| have preside | |
| G. | H. |
| had visited | was waiting |
| listening | more smartly |
| swimming | had seen |
| tighter and tighter | |
| I. | J. |
| was founded | had come |
| oldest | beginning |
| first | began |
| second | later |
| has ever been found | was named |
| men | were |
| had been adopted | |
| K. | L. |
| working | was crowned |
| elder | has lasted |
| younger | reigned |
| becoming | women |
| served | men |
| was mentioned | herself |
| introducing | are handed |
| is (still) saving | hers |
| most important | |
| have been saved | |
| lives | |
| M. | N. |
| had broken | hasn’t (has not) been |
| himself | rose |
| its | flooding |
| greatest | has been connected |
| were seized | was |
| largest | has been saved |
| have been shaped |