Word-formation в английском языке

Практические и тренировочные упражнения для 8–9-х классов

Word-formation является в последнее время неотъемлемой частью любого серьезного теста (включая ЕГЭ). В связи с этим, предлагаю несколько упражнений для тренировки на уроках.

1. A. Form nouns with the help of these suffixes (there may be more than 1 word):

employ, lonely, advertise, announce, determined, popular, instruct, manage, communicate, spectacular, entertain, responsible, celebrate, dark, invent, govern

-tion -ity -er/-or -ness -ment

Example:

act action activity actor – –

B. Complete the sentences with some nouns from A:

1. After fast and colourful sunset total ______________(dark) fell on the island.
2. The hotel was only 2 km from the city’s shopping and _______________________(entertain) areas.
3. There were over 10,000 __________________(spectacular) at the stadium on Sunday.
4. Whatever you do, it’s important to have ambition and __________________(determined).
5. Jane served as a ________________(govern) for Mr. Rochester’s little foster-child.
6. Initiative and social skills are always attractive to ________________(employ).
7. The industry needs better ________________(manage) rather than more money.
8. They invited a few __________________(celebrate) to open the festival.
9. Sometimes we prefer to use symbols and icons for _____________________________(communicate).
10. She takes her ___________________(responsible) as a teacher very seriously.

2. A. Form adjectives with the help of these suffixes and translate them:

1. -ful
wonder, beauty, care, harm, help, dread, respect

2. -less
care, harm, help, end, rest, pain, shape

3. -ous
mystery, fury, courage, nerve, danger, fame, envy

4. -y
salt, fog, rain, mud, dirt, sleep, storm

B. Complete the text with the adjectives:

careless, sleepy, mysterious, dreadful, courageous, endless, nervous, rainy, foggy, shadowy

One cold (1)________ night Sam was driving home. He felt tired and (2)________. The weather was (3)________. The rain seemed (4)________ and to make it worse it was getting (5)________. Suddenly Sam saw a lonely figure standing at the side of the road. He slowed down to offer a lift to the (6)________ pedestrian. But when he approached the (7)________ figure vanished. Puzzled and a little (8)________ Sam slowly continued his way and hardly had he covered 50 metres as he almost bumped into a big fallen tree lying across the road. He saw it just on time. Sam is a (9)________ man and he doesn’t believe in supernatural, but now he says that he is grateful to the (10)________ ghost that saved him from the accident.

3. A. Make opposite meanings with the help of these prefixes:

un-, in-, im-, mis-, ill-, dis-.

polite – reliable – true – appear – legal – agree – expensive – able – patience – probable – understand – behave –

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________

B. Paraphrase the underlined words.

1. The night clouds vanished and the sky was clear.
________________________________________________________________________

2. Not allowed by the law fishing can destroy marine life very badly.
________________________________________________________________________

3. He was so exhausted that he couldn’t answer our questions.
________________________________________________________________________

4. We are against their plan.
________________________________________________________________________

5. I can’t believe it, it’s false!
________________________________________________________________________

6. This ticket is quite cheap.
________________________________________________________________________

7. It’s very rude to leave without saying good-bye.
________________________________________________________________________

8. Children often act badly and cause trouble at school because of lack of attention at home.
________________________________________________________________________

9. I’m afraid you don’t realize the nature of the problem.
________________________________________________________________________

10. We could hear eagerness in his voice, he didn’t want to wait.
________________________________________________________________________

11. Don’t ask Val for help, he is a person who can let you down.
________________________________________________________________________

12. The story sounds not likely to happen!
________________________________________________________________________

4. Mind that these words have different spelling. In the sentences choose the correct word.

practise (verb Br) – practice (noun)
advise (verb) – advice (noun)
weigh (verb) — weight (noun)
panic (verb – inf., noun) – panicking (present participle) – panicked (past simple, past participle)

1. My friend _________ me to buy this dictionary. He’s given you really good ________.
2. To get good results you should _________ more. __________ makes perfect.
3. When swimmers saw a shark they __________. In ____________ they turned to the boat.
4. – Do you know how much this rucksack ___________? – It’s over 20 kilos in __________.

Key:

1. A. employer/employment; loneliness; ad/advert/advertisement; announcer/announcement; determination/determiner; popularity; instruction/instructor; manager/management; communication/community/communicator; spectator; entertainer/entertainment; responsibility; celebration/celebrity; darkness; invention/inventor; governor/governess/government
B. 1. darkness; 2. entertainment; 3. spectators; 4. determination; 5. governess; 6. employers; 7. management; 8. celebrities; 9. communication; 10. responsibilities

2. B. 1. rainy; 2. sleepy; 3. dreadful; 4. endless; 5. foggy; 6. careless; 7. shadowy; 8. nervous; 9. courageous; 10. mysterious

3. B. 1. disappeared; 2. illegal; 3. was unable to; 4. disagree with; 5. untrue; 6. inexpensive; 7. impolite; 8. misbehave; 9. misunderstand; 10. impatience; 11. unreliable; 12. improbable

4. 1. advised, advice; 2. practise, practice; 3. panicked, panic; 4. weighs, weight