Дополнительные задания к книге “Britain in Brief” В.В. Ощепковой и И.И. Шустиловой
HABITS AND WAYS
Text 9. Clans and Tartans
The Gaelic word ‘clan’ means ‘family’ or ‘descendants’ and the great clans of the 16th and 17th centuries were indeed very similar to enormous families, ruled by powerful chiefs. Sometimes there were fierce battles between different clans but nowadays the McDonalds and the McKenzies, the Campbells and the Lindsays all live in peace with each other. It is possible to find people with these surnames in many English-speaking countries, and they all feel they share the same background.
The wearing of tartans or coloured checks was common in the Highlands before the defeat by the English in 1745. Originally, the tartan was worn as a single piece of cloth, drawn in at the waist and thrown over the shoulder. The kilt did not become popular until the beginning of the 18th century. Each clan has its own tartan and, since the first international gathering of the clans in 1972, many people have become interested in traditional forms of Scottish dress. Tartans are now part on international fashion.
Many people in Scotland have the name McDonald or McKenzie. “Mac” means “son of” and people with this name usually feel they belong to the same family or clan. Campbell or Cameron are other common surnames. Common boys’ names are Angus, Donald or Duncan, and girls’ names are Morag, Fiona or Jean. The names Jimmy and Jock are so common that many English people call a man from Scotland “a Jimmy” or “a Jock”.
I. COMPREHENSION
Are the following statements true or false? If the statement is false, say why it is and correct it.
1. Nobody wears tartans now.
2. You can only find people with the names McDonald or McKenzie in Scotland.
3. A man from Scotland is sometimes called by the English “a Jimmy” or “ a Jock”.
4. There are fierce battles between the clans.
5. The first international gathering of the clans was held in 1972.
II. VOCABULARY
Match the words and their definitions:
1. |
kilt |
a) |
a pattern of colourful lines and squares on cloth that is typical of Scotland |
2. |
clan |
b) |
a relative of a person who lived in the past |
3. |
tartan |
c) |
very large in size or quantity |
4. |
descendant |
d) |
a skirt with many folds worn by men as part of the national dress in Scotland |
5. |
enormous |
e) |
a group of families who are related to each other, especially in Scotland |
III. SPEAKING
Discuss these questions with your partner:
What is your attitude to folk dress?
Do people wear national dress now? Why/why not?
Do elements of national dress inspire fashion makers?
Which elements or patterns of national dress are fashionable now?
IV. WRITING
Write an essay on the Scottish clans.
Scottish clans as social groups. Their past and present.
Use this plan:
Paragraph 1. Introduce the topic. History of the clans.
Vocabulary: descendants of the same family; powerful cheifs; fierce battles
Paragraph 2. Symbols of the clan
Vocabulary: “Mac” means “the son of”; typical Scottish names and surnames; a clan has its own tartan; the kilt
Paragraph 3. Clans at present
Vocabulary: International gatherings; interest to traditional forms of dress; tartans as part of international fashion.
Text 10. Tea
The English know how to make tea and what it does for you. Seven cups of it wake you up in the morning; nine cups will put you to sleep at night.
If you are hot, tea will cool you off, and if you are cold, it will warm you up.
If you take it in the middle of the morning, it will stimulate you for further work; if you drink it in the afternoon, it will relax you for further thought. Then, of course, you should drink lots of it in off-hours. In England they say jokingly: “The test of good tea is simple. If a spoon stands up in it, then it is strong enough; if the spoon starts to wobble, it is a feeble makeshift”.
I. COMPREHENSION:
Are the following statements true or false? If the statement is false, say why it is and correct it.
1. Tea is a hot brown drink made by pouring boiling water onto leaves of a special kind.
2. Tea is thought of as a typically British drink but now a lot of people prefer coffee.
3. Tea is grown in Britain.
4. Tea is typically served with milk and sometimes sugar.
II. GRAMMAR
Conditional sentences:
1. Complete the sentences:
1. If you take seven cups of tea in the morning it…
2. If you take nine cups of tea at night it…
3. If you take a cup of tea when you are hot it…
4. If you take a cup of tea when you are cold it…
5. If you take a cup of tea in the middle of the morning it…
2. Make up your own sentences.
To feel tired – to give energy, to be worried – to make you feel calm, to feel bad – to recover, to feel disappointed – to feel enthusiastic, to feel sad – to feel happy.
III. VOCABULARY
Match the words and their definitions:
1. |
stimulate |
a) |
lacking strength or force |
2. |
feeble |
b) |
to move unsteadily from side to side |
3. |
relax |
c) |
something made or used in the case of a sudden or urgent need, because there is nothing better |
4. |
wobble |
d) |
to make or become less active and worried |
5. |
makeshift |
e) |
to cause to become more active, grow faster, etc. |
Do you know that…
…If you visit a British person home, they will “put the kettle on”
…When making a refusal you may say “not for all the tea in China”
…A cup of tea is often called informally a CUPPA or a BREW
…Tea and sympathy means a lot of attention and kindness which is not very sincere and is not followed by practical help
…More tea, vicar? – is a humorous expression said after someone has just said or done something embarrassing or shocking
to be continued