Главная страница «Первого сентября»Главная страница журнала «Английский язык»Содержание №40/2004

FOCUS ON LANGUAGE

Фонетические упражнения для вводно-коррективного курса по английскому языку

(на материале пословиц, поговорок, стихотворений)

Практический материал, представленный в подборке, поможет студентам добиться совершенства в английском произношении. Материал содержит фонетические упражнения (пословицы, стихи) для выработки автоматизированных навыков произношения и интонации. Гласная и согласная фонема часто отрабатывается в контрасте, при противопоставлении звуков, т.к. контрастивный метод всегда в большей или меньшей степени учитывался при обучении иностранному языку.
Упражнения разделены на две части. Первая часть – пословицы и поговорки. Они могут представить интерес для отработки произношения как в школе, так и на начальной стадии обучения в вузе. Во второй части помещены стихотворения английских авторов, детские стишки, знание которых будет полезно детям в дошкольных учреждениях. Критерием для отбора пословиц, поговорок и стихов, как универсальной базы для отработки и создания множества автоматизированных речевых навыков, служила частота употребления фонемы.

ПОСЛОВИЦЫ И ПОГОВОРКИ

ДОЛГИЕ ГЛАСНЫЕ ФОНЕМЫ

[i:]
[a:]
[
:]
[u:]
[
:]

Honey is sweet, but the bee stings.
He laughs best who laughs last.
Better untaught than ill taught.
A fool and his money are soon parted.
First come, first served.

Видит око, да зуб неймет.
Хорошо смеется тот, кто смеется последний.
Недоученный хуже неученого.
У дурака в горсти дыра.
Поздно пришел, кости нашел.

КРАТКИЕ ГЛАСНЫЕ ФОНЕМЫ

[i]
[e]
[]
[]
[u]
[
]

Business is business.
All is well that ends well.
A cat in gloves catches no mice.
Waste not, want not.
By hook or by crook.
Nothing must be done in haste but killing of fleas.

Дело есть дело.
Все хорошо, что хорошо кончается.
Без труда не вытащишь и рыбки из пруда.
Мотовство до добра не доведет.
Не мытьем, так катаньем.
Поспешность нужна только при ловле блох.

ДИФТОНГИ

[ei]
[ai]
[i]
[au]
[u]
[i]
[]
[u
]

Haste makes waste.
Like begets like.
There’s no joy without alloy.
Out of sight, out of mind.
То know everything is to know nothing.
He that fears death lives not.
Where there’s a will, there’s a way.
What can’t be cured must be endured.

Поспешишь – людей насмешишь.
Подобное рождает подобное.
Нет розы без шипов.
С глаз долой - из сердца вон.
Знать все значит ничего не знать.
Раньше смерти не умрешь.
Где хотенье, там и уменье.
Что о том тужить, чего нельзя воротить.

СМЫЧНЫЕ ШУМНЫЕ (ВЗРЫВНЫЕ) СОГЛАСНЫЕ

[p]
[b]
[t]
[d]
[k]
[g]

Practice makes perfect.
Barking dogs seldom bite.
Better the foot slip than the tongue.
Dog does not eat dog.
Curiosity killed the cat.
A good beginning makes a good ending.

Повторение – мать учения.
Собака, что лает – редко кусает.
Лучше оступиться, чем оговориться.
Ворон ворону глаз не выклюет.
Любопытной Варваре на базаре нос оторвали.
Зачин дело красит. Лиха беда начало.

АФФРИКАТЫ

[]
[
]

Such carpenters, such chips.
A good Jack makes a good Jill.

Видно мастера по работе.
У хорошего мужа и жена хороша.

СМЫЧНЫЕ (НОСОВЫЕ) СОНАНТЫ

[m]
[n]
[
]

Many men, many minds.
No news (is) good news.
By doing nothing we learn to do ill. 

Сколько голов, столько умов.
Отсутствие новостей – хорошая новость.
Праздность (безделье) – мать всех пороков.

ЩЕЛЕВЫЕ ШУМНЫЕ (ФРИКАТИВНЫЕ) СОГЛАСНЫЕ

[f]
[v]
[
]
[
]
[s]
[z]
[
]
[
]
[h]

Fight fire with fire.
Live and let live.
Nothing ventured, nothing gained.
It’s neither here nor there.
Score twice before you cut once.
Easy does it.
Wishes don’t wash dishes.
Eat at pleasure, drink with measure.
Every man has his hobby-horse.

Клин клином вышибают.
Сам живи и другим не мешай.
Не рискуешь – не добудешь.
Это ни к селу, ни городу.
Семь раз отмерь, один раз отрежь.
Тише едешь, дальше будешь.
Если бы да кабы во рту росли грибы.
Ешь вволю, пей в меру.
У каждого человека есть свой конек.

ЩЕЛЕВЫЕ (НЕНОСОВЫЕ) СОНАНТЫ

[l]
[w]
[r]

[j]

Live and learn.
Time works wonders.
Little friends may prove great friends.

Youth yearns to be old while age yearns to be young again.

Век живи, век учись.
Время творит чудеса.
Маленькие друзья иногда оказывают большие услуги.
Казаться старше юноши желают, обратно в юность старые хотят.

POEMS AND RHYMES

A Cradle Song

[i:]

Sleep, sleep, beauty bright
Dreaming over the toys of night.
Sleep, sleep: in the sleep
Little sorrows sit and weep.

By W. Blake

The Telephone

[a:]

Friends a hundred miles apart
Sit and chatter heart to heart,
Boys and girls from school afar
Speak to mother, ask papa.

By Alfred H. Miles

Balls

[]

And there are many other balls
We find at pleasure’s source –
The croquet ball, the hockey ball.
The skittle ball, lacrosse,
And smaller ball, the marble balls,
And bearing balls, of course.

By Alfred H. Miles

[:]

I have two legs
With which I walk:
I have a tongue
With which I talk,
And with it too,
I eat my food
and tell
If it’s bad or good.

[:]

The early bird so I have heard,
Catches the worm, and ‘pon my word,
I know two chaps and yet a third
Could learn a lesson from that bird.

[i:]

Stop! Look! Listen!
Before you cross the street.
Use your eyes, use your ears,
And then use your feet!

Queen Mab’s Chariot

[i]

Fib, and Tib, and Pink, and Pin,
Pick, and Quick, and Jill, and Jin,
Tit, and Nit, and Wap, and Wim –
The train that wait upon her.

By M. Drayton

March, march, head erect
Left, right, that’s correct.

Alas, Alack!

[]

Ann, Ann?
Come quick as you can!
There’s a fish that talks
In the frying-pan.
Out of the fat,
As clear as glass,
He put up his mouth
and moaned “Alas”
Oh, most mournful,
“Alas, alack!”
Then turned to the sizzling,
And sank him back.

By W. de La Mare

Wash, hands, wash,
Daddy’s gone to plough.
Splash, hands, splash,
They’re all washed now.
Pussy Cat, Pussy Cat,
Will you catch that big fat rat?
It is sitting by the ham
Just behind the apple jam.
Pussy Cat, Pussy Cat,
That fat rat is very bad.
If you catch it, I’ll be glad.
I’ll give you some milk for that.

The Washing-up Song

[]

Sing a song of washing up,
Water hot as hot.
Cups and saucers, plates and spoons,
Dishes such a lot!
Work the dish mop round and round,
Wash them clean as clean
Polish with a dry white cloth,
How busy we have been!

By E. Gould

Hickory, dickory, dock!
Hickory, dickory, dock!
The mouse ran up the clock,
The clock struck one,
The mouse ran down,
Hickory, dickory, dock!

The Listening Woods

[u]

I looked at the shadowed mosses,
I looked at the nests overhead,
I looked at the small brook dreaming
Alone in its sandy bed.

By Ida W.Benham

The Brook

[]

Grumbling, stumbling,
Fumbling all the day,
Fluttering, stuttering,
Muttering away,
Rustling, hustling,
Bustling as it flows,
That it how the brook talks,
Bubbling as it goes.

By A. Tennyson

Dust of Snow

[]

The way a crow
Shook down on me
The dust of snow
From a hemlock tree
Has given my heart
A change of mood
And saved some part
Of a day I have rued.

By R. Frost

Spring Rain

[ei]

Rain, rain, rain, April rain,
You are feeding seed and grain,
You are raising plants and crops
With your gaily sparkling drops.

The Lion

[ai]

Oh, weep for Mr. and Mrs. Bryan!
He was eaten by a lion,
Following which, the lion’s lioness
Up and swallowed Bryan’s Bryaness.

By O. Nash

[i]

Said the Crab unto the Oyster
Do not loiter in this cloister,
Join me in a voyage rare,
Up into the moist salt air.
Noise and turmoil would annoy me,
Toil and trouble, too would cloy me,
Should I leave this royal cloister
Adroitly rejoined the oyster.

By L. Carroll

Autumn Leaves

[av]

Down
down
down
Red
yellow
brown

Autumn leaves tumble down,
Autumn leaves crumble down,
Autumn leaves bumble down,
Flaking and shaking,
Tumbledown leaves.

No, No, November

[i]

Autumn crowns the glowing sphere,
Winter’s grasp is full of cheer,
You between them, sad and dear,
Bind your brows with leafage sere,
Saying, “I remember
When the year was not a bier” –
Ah, woe, November!

Good Night

[]

Here’s a Body – there’s a bed!
There’s a pillow – here’s a head!
There’s a curtain – here’s a light!
There’s a puff – and so good night!

By J. Wallace

Outer Space

[p]

But outer space,
At least thus far,
For all the fuss
Of the populace
Stays more popular
Than populous.

By R. Frost

[b]

Butterfly, butterfly,
Where do you fly,
So quick and so high
In the blue, blue sky?

[t], [d], [k]

I have a cat
His name is Pit;
And by the fire
He likes to sit
Each day I bring him
A dish of milk,
And smooth his coat
That shines like silk.
And on my knee
He likes to sit
For Pit loves me
And I love Pit.

Come to Dinner

Come to dinner,
come to dinner,
Ding – dong – dell,
Ding – dong – dell,
Soup, meat and potatoes,
Soup, meat and potatoes,
Ding – dong – dell.
Ding – dong – dell.

Golden Hour

[g]

Golden in the garden,
Golden in the glen,
Golden, golden, golden,
September’s here again!
Golden in the tree tops,
Golden in the sky,
Golden, golden, golden
September’s passing by.

By J. Keats

Aunts

[]

Children, aunts are not glamorous creatures,
As very often their features
Tend to be elderly caricatures of your own.

By V. Graham

Algy Met a Bear

[]

Algy met a bear,
The bear was bulgy,
The bulge was Algy.

By Ed. Lear

God made the Bees

[m]

God made the bees,
And the bees make honey,
The miller’s man does all the work,
But the miller makes the money.

By L. Bowen

[n]

If many men know
What many men know,
If many men went
Where many men go,
If many men did
What many men do,
The world would be better –
I think so; don’t you?

By B.R. Hudelson

[]

In the spring,
In the spring,
Sweet and fresh is everything.
Winter winds are no more blowing,
In the fields all is growing,
In the spring,
In the spring,
Sweet and fresh is everything!

To a Butterfly

[f]

I’ve watched you now a full half-hour,
Self-poised upon that yellow flower,
And, little butterfly! Indeed
I know not if you sleep or feed

By W. Wordsworth

The Tide in the River

The tide in the river,
The tide in the river
The tide in the river runs deep,
I saw a shiver,
Pass over the river
As the tide turned in its sleep.

By E. Farjcon

The Golden Legend

[]

A thousand faiths with a common dream
A thousand tongues with a common theme
A thousand thoughts with a single plan:
Peace on earth and goodwill to man!

By J. Wallace

Toast

[]

Here’s health to all those that we love,
Here’s health to all those that love us,
Here’s health to all those that love them
That love those that love us!

City

[s–z]

In the morning the city
Spreads its wing
Making a song
In stone that sings.

In the evening the city
Goes to bed
hanging lights
About its head.

By L. Hughes

When a Man’s Busy

[]

When a man’s busy, why, leisure
Strikes him as wonderful pleasure:
Faith, and at leisure is he,
Straight away he wants to be busy.

By R. Browning

Rules and Regulations

[]

A short direction
To avoid dejection
By variations
In occupations,
And prolongation
Of relaxation,
And combinations
Of recreations,
And disputation
On the state of nation
In adaption
To your station,
By invitations
To friends and relations
By evitation,
Of amputation
By permutation
In conversation,
And deep reflection
You’ll avoid dejection.
Moral: Behave

By Ed. Lear

The Corn-song

[h]

Heap high the farmer’s wintry hoard
Heap high the golden corn!
No richer gift has autumn poured
From out her lavish horn!

By J.G. Whittier

Clouds

[w]

White sheep, white sheep
On a blue hill.
When the wind stops
You all stand still.
You walk far away
When the winds blow
White sheep, white sheep.

“I’ll Try” and “I Can’t”

[l]

The little boy who says “I’ll try”,
Will climb to the hill-top;
The little boy who says “I can’t”,
Will at the bottom stop.

By R.L. Stevenson

Rain

[r]

The rain is raining all around,
It falls on field and tree,
It rains on the umbrellas here,
And on the ships at sea.

By R.L. Stevenson

И.И. Невежина,
Балашовский государственный педагогический институт